Current Affair 12 Oct 2020-ORSP

The correct answer is Option 3.

 Key Points

• Jagoi is a major style of Manipuri, which is one of the forms of Indian classical dance.
• Manipuri dance originated in the northeastern state of Manipur and is known for its graceful movements, delicate hand gestures, and vibrant costumes.
• Jagoi is a traditional dance form within Manipuri, characterized by rhythmic footwork, expressive facial expressions, and storytelling elements.

​Additional Information

•  Sattriya dance has gained recognition and popularity beyond the confines of the Sattras and Assam.
  • It has evolved as a stage performance art and has been performed at various national and international platforms, showcasing its rich cultural heritage.
• Kathak is one of the major classical dance forms of India, originating in the northern part of the country, particularly in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
  • It is a vibrant and expressive dance form known for its intricate footwork, graceful movements, and storytelling through mime and gestures.
  • The word "Kathak" is derived from the Sanskrit word "Katha," which means story.
• Odissi is one of the classical dance forms of India, originating in the state of Odisha, located in the eastern part of the country.
  • It is one of the oldest surviving dance forms in India with its roots dating back to ancient times, specifically to the temples of Odisha.

The correct answer is The Hague.

Key Points

• The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations.
• The International Court of Justice was created with an aim to settle the disputes between states in accordance with international law and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues.
• It was established in June 1945
• It is the successor of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ).
• As of 2021 February, Joan Donoghue is the current President of the International Court of Justice.

Additional Information

• The headquarters of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) is located in Paris.
• The headquarters of the International Monetary Fund(IMF) is located in Washington, D.C.
• The headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City.

The correct answer is Lord Dalhousie.

Key Points

• Lord Dalhousie served as Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856.
  • Governor-General known as the 'maker of modern India'.
  • The widow remarriage act was introduced by Lord Dalhousie in 1855.
  • He abolished the titles and pensions in British India.
  • He introduced the doctrine of lapse.
  • Public Works Department in India was founded by Dalhousie.
  • Passenger trains in railways, electric telegraph, and uniform postage in India were introduced during his tenure.
  • Lord Dalhousie was the viceroy who started the first railway line in India in 1853(connecting Bombay to Thane).
  • He is the Governor-General who appointed 'Wood's education commission'.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Stomata.

Key Points

Concept:

Photosynthesis:

• It is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.
• In this process, plants use chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and release oxygen.
• Sunlight Is absorbed by this chlorophyll.
• Stomata are tiny holes present in the epidermis of leaves. It is responsible for the intake of Carbon dioxide gas in plants.

So, Carbon di Oxide is taken in through Stomata.

Stomata:

• Each stoma remains surrounded by two kidneys or bean-shaped epidermal cells the guard cells.
• The stomata may occur on any part of a plant except the roots.
• The epidermal cells bordering the guard cells are called accessory cells or subsidiary cells.
• The number and types of stomata vary in different plant species based on their Habitat.

Additional Information

Root hairs: The long tubular-shaped outgrowths from root epidermal cells are termed root hairs. it is responsible for getting nutrients and microbe interactions.

Leaf veins: It is used for the transportation of plants and sugar in leaves.

Petals: Petals are the reproductive part of the flower of a plant used to attract bees and other insects towards the plant.

The correct answer is disqualification.Key Points

• Badminton
  • ​Lawn, court, or badminton game played with a shuttlecock and lightweight rackets.
  • The shuttlecock, commonly referred to as a "bird" or "birdie," was historically a little cork hemisphere with 16 goose feathers sewn on it that weighed about 0.17 ounces (5 grams).
  • Modern play may still employ these shuttles, although the Badminton World Federation also permits the use of synthetic shuttles.
  • The game is called after Badminton, which was initially played around 1873 at the duke of Beaufort's country home in Gloucestershire, England.
  • Poona, a game played by British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s, is directly related to badminton.
  • In 1899, the first unofficial all-England men's badminton championships and the inaugural badminton competition for women were arranged the next year.
  • Badminton made its Olympic debut in 1972 as a demonstration sport and in 1988 as an exhibition sport. It was made a full-medal Olympic sport for the 1992 Games, including competition in the men's and women's singles (one against one) and doubles events (two against two). The mixed pairs event debuted in the 1996 Olympics.
  • As per the guidelines laid down by the Badminton World Federation (BWF), the length of a standard badminton court remains the same - 13.40m (44 feet) - for both types of competitions.
  • But the width differs with the singles court running wide till 5.18m (17 feet), denoted by the side lines, while for the doubles court, the width is extended to 6.1m (20 feet), marked as the doubles sidelines.
  • The 2022 BWF World Championships were a badminton competition that took place from August 22 to August 28 at Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan (formally known as the Total Energies BWF World Championships 2022 due to sponsorship considerations).
  • 2022 BWF World Championships medalist table

Additional Information

The correct answer is Telangana.

• Nizam Sagar Dam is situated in Telangana.

Key Points

• Nizam Sagar Dam:
  • The dam is located in Telangana.
  • It is situated on the Manjira River. 
  • It was built in 1923 by Mir Osman Ali Khan, the then ruler of Hyderabad.
• Manjira river is a tributary of the Godavari.
• The Godavari originates from Trimbakeshwar in Nashik.
  • It is also known as Dakshin Ganga
  • Other tributaries of Godavari: Penganga, Wardha, Indravati, Sabri.

Additional Information

• Tungabhadra Project is on the river Tungabhadra in Karnataka.
• Nagarjuna Sagar Project is on Krishna in Andhra Pradesh.
• Mayurakshi Project is on the river Mayurakshi in West Bengal.

The correct answer is Article 75.Key Points

• Article 75 of the Indian Constitution mentions that a Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
• The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and the other Ministers are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
• The total number of Ministers, including the Prime Minister, in the Council of Ministers, should not exceed fifteen per cent. of the total number of members of the House of the People, as per the same article.
• Chapter I (Executive) of Part V of the Constitution (Union) deals with the President, Vice-President, and Council of Ministers (COM) headed by Prime Minister and Attorney General.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Delhi Pact.

Key Points

• Members of Congress Working Committee were released on 25 January 1931.
• Discussions were initiated between Gandhiji and the viceroy, Lord Irwin.
• As a result of these discussions, a pact was signed between the viceroy and Gandhiji.
• This pact came to be known as Gandhi-Irwin Pact or Delhi Pact.
• It was signed in Delhi.
• Gandhi-Irwin Pact, agreement signed on March 5, 1931, between Mohandas K. Gandhi, leader of the Indian nationalist movement, and Lord Irwin British viceroy of India.

Additional Information

• Civil Disobedience Movement
  • The Civil Disobedience Movement was started by Gandhi on 12th March 1930 with his famous Dandi March.
  • Together with 78 chosen followers, Gandhi walked nearly 375 km from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a village on the Gujarat sea coast.
  • On the morning of 6th April 1930, Gandhiji broke the salt law by making salt. Thousands of people followed suit.
  • This movement resulted in Gandhi-Irwin Pact on 5 March 1931.
  • Indians were allowed to make salt for domestic use.
  • Gandhiji attended the Second Round Table Conference in London as an ‘equal’.

The correct answer is Mohenjo-daro.

Key Points

• The Great Bath was excavated from Mohenjo-Daro.
• Rakhigarhi is the largest Harappan site in the Indian subcontinent.
• The Great Bath was the largest building of Harappan Civilisation (also known as Indus Civilisation).
• It shows the importance of ritualistic bathing.
• There is no leakage or cracks in the construction of ‘The Great Bath'.
• It reflects the cleanliness of this culture.
• In addition to this, Great Granary, Assembly Hall, etc. were also excavated.
• The excavators were Rakhal Das Bannerji (1922), Mackay (1927) & Wheeler (1930).

Additional Information

• Indus Valley Civilization:
  • It was one of the major civilizations of the ancient river valley civilizations of the world.
  • It is also known as Harappan Civilization and Indus-Saraswati Civilization.
  • It developed on the banks of the Indus and Ghaggar/Hakra (ancient Saraswati).
  • Mohenjodaro, Kalibanga, Lothal, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi, and Harappa were its main centers.

The correct answer is Odometer.

Key Points

•  An odometer or odograph is an instrument used to measure distance traveled by a vehicle such as a bicycle or car
• Devices can be electronic, mechanical, or a combination of the two (electromechanical).
• Early forms of odometers existed in the ancient Greco-Roman world and ancient China.

Additional Information

• A speedometer or speedometer is a measuring device that measures and displays the instantaneous speed of a vehicle.
•  An accelerometer is a tool that measures the proper acceleration.
•  A calorimeter is a calorimeter that measures the heat quantity and heat capacity of chemical reactions and physical changes.

The correct answer is Kandla.

Key Points:

• Kandla is a tidal port, acknowledged as a Trade Free Zone, the largest port by volume of cargo handled.
  • Kandla, officially Deendayal Port, is a port and city in Kutch district in the state of Gujarat in western India, near the city of Gandhidham.
  • Situated on the Gulf of Kutch, it is one of the major ports of India on the west coast.
  • It is approximately 256 nautical miles southeast of Karachi port in Pakistan and about 430 nautical miles north-northwest of Mumbai port.
  • The Kandla port was constructed in the 1950s as the main port serving western India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Key Points

• The concentration of individuals within a species in a given geographic location is referred to as population density.
• Data on population density can be used to calculate demographics and examine interactions with ecosystems, human health, and infrastructure.
• Population density is usually quoted per square kilometre or square mile.
• Population Density of Union Territories:
  • Andaman & Nicobar Islands : 46
  • Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu: 2,867
  • Puducherry: 2,598
  • Chandigarh: 9,252
  • Lakshadweep: 2,013
  • Delhi: 11,297
  • Jammu and Kashmir: 56

Additional Information

• State with Highest Population Density: Bihar
• State with Lowest Population Density: Arunachal Pradesh
• Union Territory with Highest Population Density: Delhi
• Union Territory with Lowest Population Density: Andaman & Nicobar Islands
• District with Highest Density: North East Delhi
• District with Lowest Density: Lahaul and Spiti

​

The correct answer is Bomdi La Pass.

Key Points

• At an elevation of 2,217 meters, the Bom Di La Pass is situated in the Himalayan Range in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.
• The mountain pass links Arunachal Pradesh's western border with Lhasa, which was once the Tibetan Kingdom's capital.
• Bomdila City, the headquarters of the West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, is located near the mountain pass.
• With Tibetan gates, food, and a monastery, the town has a strong Tibetan influence.
• The Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary is located near the city.

Important Points

The correct answer is ​Punjab.

Key Points

• Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports is located in Patiala, Punjab.
• Which is also Asia's largest Sports institute housed in the palatial monumental building and sprawling lawns built by the erstwhile Maharaja of Patiala whose descendants dedicated this complex for the promotion of sports to the people of India.
•  Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports is the Academic Wing of the Sports Authority of India was established by the Government of India on 7th May 1961.
• The Institute was renamed as Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports (NSNIS) on 23rd January 1973.

Additional Information

Correct Answers Is: 4

42% got this right

SOLUTION

The correct answer is 82°30’E.

• 82°30’E meridian or longitude is also termed as the Standard Meridian of India.
• The standard meridian of India is east of the Greenwich Meridian.
• Indian Standard time has a time offset of UTC+05:30.
• Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.

Important Points

Standard Meridian of India passes through:

• Uttar Pradesh
• Madhya Pradesh
• Chhattisgarh
• Orissa
• Andhra Pradesh

The correct answer is Abul Fazl.
Key Points

• Akbarnama is the official chronicle of the reign of Akbar.
• It was written by his court historian and biographer, Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak.
• He was one of the "nine jewels in Akbar's court".
• It was written in Persian.

Important Points

• Amir Khushro was a Sufi mystic and a spiritual disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya.
• His Khaliq-e-bari, which is known as the oldest printed dictionary of the world deals with Hindi and Persian words.
• He is regarded as the “father of qawwali”.​

Additional Information

• Akbar (1542- 1605)
  • He reigned from 1556 to 1605.
  • He constructed Fatehpur Sikri and made it his capital in 1569.
  • Buland Darwaza was constructed at the gate.
  • He started a new religion Din-i Ilahi in 1581-82.
  • Abul Fazl wrote his biography titled Akbarnama.
  • Nine of his courtiers were known as Navratnas.
    • They were Todar Mal, Abul Fazal, Faizi, Birbal, Tansen, Abdur Rahim Khana-i-Khana, Mullah-do-Pyaza, Raja Man Singh, and Fakir Aziao-Din.
  • He married a Hindu princess Harka Bai who is commonly known as Jodha Bai.
  • Akbar captured the historic fortress of Chitor in 1568.
  • He abolished the pilgrimage tax by Hindus in 1563.
  • He also abolished the Jizyah tax in 1564.
  • He also introduced the Mansabdari System or the rank-holder system to organize the nobility and army.

The correct answer is Diphtheria.

• Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
• It affects the nose and throat.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 42^d Amendment.

Key Points

• Constitution (42nd) Amendment Act, 1976 was the lengthiest amendment that brought the most widespread changes to the Constitution in its history.
• It is also called the Mini-Constitution and Constitution of Indira Gandhi.
• The 42nd Amendment is regarded as the most controversial constitutional amendment in history.
• It attempted to reduce the power of the Supreme Court and High Courts to pronounce the constitutional validity of laws.
• It laid down the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens to the nation.

Key Points

• Constitution adopted on - 26 Nov 1949.
• Preamble passed on - 22 Jan1947.
• National flag adopted on - 22 July 1947.
• Constitution came into force - 26 Jan 1950.
• National Song adopted on - 24 Jan 1950

The correct answer is Samhita.

Key Points

• Vedas are supposed to be the first religious text of Hindu religion.
• Veda means knowledge.
• There are four Vedas namely,
  • Rig Veda - Oldest and most important Veda, contains the knowledge of chemistry and medical science.
  • Yajur Veda - Only Veda divided into two parts (i.e. Krishna Yajur Veda and Shukla Yajur Veda), contains the knowledge of all sacrificial formula and weapons.
  • Sam Veda - It is the Origin of Indian classical music.
  • Atharva Veda - It contains the knowledge of Ayurveda, also charms and spells hence it is known as black Veda.
• Every Veda has four parts,
  • Samhita -  collections of Vedic hymns or mantras
  • Brahmana - Explanatory textbook to original Veda
  • Aranayak - Conclusion based on Veda
  • Upanishad - Moral teaching based on Vedas.

Additional Information

• During the early Vedic period there were four types of village assemblies prevailed namely Sabha, Samiti, Vidatha and Gana.
• Bali and Bhaga are the two type of taxes prevailed during Mauryan period.

The correct answer is A-II, B - I, C - III.

Key Points

Anglo - Maratha wars

• First Anglo - Maratha war (1775-82): treaty of Surat, the treaty of Purandhar, the treaty of Salbai (1782).
• Second Anglo - Maratha war (1802-05): Peshwa Bajirao-2 signed a treaty with the English on Dec 11-1802 (treaty of Bassein) and accepted the subsidiary alliance.
• Third Anglo - Maratha war (1817-19):
  • Peshwa Bajirao-2 was defeated at Kharki and forced to sign the treaty of Poona.
  • Maratha chiefs Yashvant Rao Holkar, Appa sahib Bhosale and Scindhia were defeated in different battles.