SIMPLIFICATION(REVISION)-APTITUDE-ORSP

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) appointed Aviral Jain and R Lakshmi Kanth Rao as Executive Directors (EDs) in 2024. 

ସମାଧାନ:
ଶ୍ୟାମଳୀ ତା’ ଘର ପାଖରୁ ପୂର୍ବକୁ ଗଲା = 25 ମିଟର
ଓ ପହଞ୍ଚିବା ସ୍ଥାନରୁ ପଶ୍ଚିମକୁ ଫେରିଲା = 27 ମିଟର
ପୂର୍ବକୁ 25 ମି. + ପଶ୍ଚିମକୁ 27 ମି. = 25 ମି. + (-27 ମି.) ପୂର୍ବକୁ
= (25 – 27) ମି ପୂର୍ବକୁ = –2 ମି ପୂର୍ବକୁ ଅର୍ଥାତ୍‌ ପଶ୍ଚିମକୁ 2 ମିଟର ।
∴ ଶ୍ୟାମଳୀ ତା’ ଘର ପାଖରୁ ପଶ୍ଚିମ ଦିଗରେ ଓ 2 ମିଟର ଦୂରରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲା ।

ସମାଧାନ:
ବାମପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a – (-b) = (-18) – (-16) = -18 + 16 = -2
ଦକ୍ଷିଣପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a + b = -18 + 16 = -2 ∴ a – (-b) = a + b (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

ସମାଧାନ:
ବାମପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a- (-b) = (-8) – (-0) = -8
ଦକ୍ଷିଣପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a + b = -8 + 0 = -8 ∴ a – (-b) = a + b (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

ସମାଧାନ:
ବାମପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a – (-b) = 225 – (-321) = 225 + 321 = 546
ଦକ୍ଷିଣପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a + b = 225 + 321 = 546 ∴ a – (-b) = a + b (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

ସମାଧାନ:
ବାମପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a – (-b) = 12 – (-15) = 12 + 15 = 27
ଦକ୍ଷିଣପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ = a + b = 12 + 15 = 27 ∴ a – (-b) = a + b (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

ସମାଧାନ:
ପ୍ରଥମ ବର୍ଗରେ 0 + (-8) + (+2) = -6
0 + (-4) + (-7) = -11
0 + (+1) + (+4) = 5
ଏଠାରେ ଯୋଗଫଳଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସମାନ ନୁହେ‍ଁ
ଦ୍ବିତୀୟ ବର୍ଗରେ (−6) + (+4) + (-7) = -9,
(-6) + (-4) + (+1) = -9
(-6) + (-3) + 0 = -9
ଏଠାରେ ଯୋଗଫଳଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସମାନ ।
∴ ବର୍ଗଦୁଇଟି ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଦ୍ବିତୀୟ ବର୍ଗଟି ପୂର୍ବ ସମ୍ପର୍କଥିବା ଏକ କୁହୁକ ବର୍ଗ ।

The correct answer is Zinc.

Key Points

• Galvanization is a method of protecting steel and iron from rusting by applying a thin layer of zinc to them.
  • Galvanization also provides improved corrosion resistance to environmentally exposed parts.
  • This is a very common way to prevent iron from rusting.
  • This can be done by dipping the protected metal in hot, molten zinc or by the process of electroplating.
  • Protecting iron and steel from rust by coating with molten zinc.
  • Zinc coating protects the surface of the part from the environment, preventing corrosion and weathering.
  • The material is loaded onto jigs before being dipped into molten zinc at about 450 degrees until the working temperature is the same as that of zinc.
  • During this process, molten zinc reacts with the surface of the steel to form a series of zinc/iron alloys.
  • Galvanization helps extend the life of steel parts by creating a membrane between the metal and air, preventing the accumulation of iron oxide on the steel layer.

Additional Information

• Sedimentation-
  • The settling of particles present in a fluid (liquid or gas) on the ground is called sedimentation.
  • Sedimentation occurs due to gravitational force or centrifugal force on particles suspended in liquid.
• Neutralization-
  • The reaction of acid with base is called a neutralization reaction.
  • The products of this reaction are salt and water.
  • For example, the reaction of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) produces a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) (salt) and a few additional water molecules.
• Corrosion:
  • Corrosion is the oxidation-induced deterioration of certain materials, both metals and non-metals.
  • When a material comes in contact with air or certain chemicals, it can corrode.
  • Erosion is a type of corrosion that can occur in materials such as polymers and ceramics.
• Rusting:
  • The oxidation of iron in the presence of air and moisture is called rusting.
  • This is an example of corrosion.
  • Rust is an iron oxide, a reddish-brown oxide that forms when iron and oxygen react in the presence of water or air moisture.

The Correct Answer is Jahangir.

Key Points

• Mughal Emperor Jahangir permitted the English East India Company to establish their factory in 1613 at Surat.
• The British East India Company came to India for trading in spices, an important commodity in Europe back then and as it was used to preserve meat.
• Apart from this, they primarily do trading in silk, cotton, indigo dye, tea, and opium.
• Mughal emperor Jahangir granted a Farman to Captain William Hawkins permitting the English to erect a factory at Surat in 1613.
• In 1615, Thomas Roe, the Ambassador to James I, got an imperial Farman from Jahangir for doing trading and establish factories all across the Mughal empire.
•  In 1616, the company established its first factory in the south in Masulipattanam.
• Soon, the Vijaynagara Empire will also give the company permission to open a factory in Madras and the British company started to eclipse out the other European trading companies in their rising power.
• The 'East India Company' was formed in 1600.

Additional Information

• Jahangir was born to Maryam-uz-Zamani and Akbar on August 30, 1569.
• He was named Sultan Muhammad Salim after Shaikh Salim Chishti of Fatehpur Sikri.
• Akbar called him Sheik Babu.
• After his coronation, he assumed the title of Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir Badshah Ghazi.
• Jahangir was the only surviving son of Akbar who after his father’s death ascended the throne in 1604, at the age of 34 years.

The triangles are:

So, there are '14' triangles in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "14".

CSA of cylindrical pillar = 528 m²

The volume of the cylindrical pillar= 1848 m³

Formula:

CSA (curved surface of a cylinder) = 2πrh

Volume = πr²h

Where. r = radius, h = height

Calculation:

2πrh/πr²h = 264/1848

⇒ 2/r = 528/1848

⇒ r = 7 m

Now, 2 × 22/7 × 7 × h = 528

⇒ h = 12 m

The ratio between its radius and height is 7 ∶ 12.

The radius of curvature of a  spherical mirror =40 cm.

Formula used:

 Focal length =12 (Radius of curvature)  Focal length =12 (Radius of curvature) 

Calculation:

 Focal length =12×40cm=20cm Focal length =12×40cm=20cm

The focal length is '20cm'.

ecision:

• In order to promote tourism, country W is declaring 20 of its cities as Heritage Sites.

Statements:

1. 4 of the 20 cities are located in hilly areas and have limited access to transport. → Weakens the decision.

• As there is limited access to transport so it becomes difficult for tourists to reach there. Therefore this statement weakens the decision.

2. In the past whenever a city in Country W has been promoted for tourism, it has led to increased employment opportunities in that city. → Strengthens the decision.

• As employment is provided, people earn more money, which will increase countries' economies.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

Concept used :

The median is the middle number in a data set when the numbers are listed in either ascending or descending order.

If total number of observation (n) is odd then, Median = (n + 1)^th/2 observation

If total number of observation (n) is even then, Median = [(n/2)^th + (n/2 + 1)^th]/2 observation

Calculations :

Arrange this data in ascending order

Arranged data = 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 20, 23

n = 9 which is odd

Median = (9 + 1)/2 = 5th observation

5th observation of the data is 9

∴ Median = 9 (middle value of the set)

∴ Median of this set is 9 

Statement: A cab can be booked by the customer using mobile apps.

Assumptions:

I) Sales of luxury cars will increase substantially. → Not implicit. (The statement talks about cabs and not luxury cars. Therefore, the sales of luxury cars cannot be assumed from the given information.)

II)  Customers will have to pay less. → Not implicit. (It is not implied that booking via mobile apps is less expensive.).

Therefore, neither assumption I nor II is implicit.

Hence, the correct answer is Option (3).

Calculation

Average production = (100 + 180 + 160 + 230 + 150 + 200)/6 = 1020/6 = 170

Except for 2012, 2014 and 2016, all other year average is higher than the average.

The answer is 3.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given:

Ratio between the present ages of Ram and Ramesh is 3 : 5

After 7 years the ratio of their ages will be 4 : 5.

Calculation:

Let the present age of Ram and Ramesh be 3x and 5x

According to the question,

3x+75x+7=453x+75x+7=45

⇒ 15x + 35 = 20x + 28

⇒ 35 - 28 = 20x - 15x

⇒ 5x = 7

⇒ x = 7/5

So, the present age of Ramesh = 5 × 7/5

⇒ 7 years

∴The present age of Ramesh is 7 years.

The correct answer is conservation of linear momentum.

Key Points

• The Jet engine works on the phenomenon of Conservation of Linear Momentum.
  • It produces a large volume of gases through the combustion of fuel, which is allowed to escape in a backward direction through a jet.
  • The backward rushing gas gains large momentum because of high velocity.
  • It thus imparts an equal and opposite momentum to the jet engine.
  • The jet engine, thus, moves forward at high speed.

Additional Information

• Momentum: Momentum is the product of the mass and the velocity of an object or particle. It is a vector quantity.
  • The standard unit of momentum magnitude is the kilogram-meter per second (kg·m/s).
    • P = m v
    • Where P = momentum, m = mass of the body, and v = velocity of the body.
• Conservation of Linear Momentum: Conservation of Linear Momentum states that a body in motion retains its total momentum (product of mass and vector velocity) unless an external force is applied to it.

The correct answer is Eastern.Key Points

• Chhau dance is a traditional dance form that originated in the eastern region of India. 
• It blends martial traditions, tribal and folk dance forms, and temple rituals.
• The dance is performed during religious festivals and occasions such as Durga Puja, Holi, and Diwali.
•  The performers wear masks and elaborate costumes depicting Hindu mythology characters.
•  Chhau dance is a vibrant and energetic form involving acrobatic movements and swift footwork.

Additional Information

• The northern region of India is known for its classical dance forms, such as Kathak
• The western region of India is known for its folk dance forms such as Garba and Dandiya.
• The southern region of India is known for its classical dance forms such as Bharatanatyam and Kuchipudi.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

A possible tree diagram will be:

Piyush is the father of the Man.

Hence, the correct answer is "Father".

Given:

Upstream speed (U) = 8 km/h

Downstream speed (D) = 15 km/h

Formula used:

Speed of boat in still water = (D + U) / 2

Speed of stream = (D - U) / 2

Calculation:

Boat speed in still water

⇒ (15 + 8) / 2 = 23 / 2 = 11.5 km/h

Speed of stream

⇒ (15 - 8) / 2 = 7 / 2 = 3.5 km/h

∴ Option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Nitric acid.

Key Points

• Nitric acid (HNO₃), is a highly corrosive and poisonous strong mineral acid that is normally colorless but turns yellow due to the accumulation of oxides of nitrogen when stored for long periods.
  • Nitric acid is used in the purification of gold and silver.
  • The acid mixture aqua regia, or royal water, dissolves gold and is used to purify scrap alloy containing gold.
  • Aqua regia is a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in the ratio 3:1.
  • Nitric acid is a nitrogen oxoacid of the formula HNO₃ in which the nitrogen atom is bound to a hydroxyl group and the remaining two oxygen atoms by equal bonds.

Additional Information

• Sulphuric Acid:
  • Sulphuric acid is a strong mineral acid commonly used in various industrial processes.
  • It is not typically used by goldsmiths for cleaning gold and silver articles due to its highly corrosive nature.
• Hydrochloric Acid:
  • Hydrochloric acid is another strong mineral acid.
  • While it can dissolve some metal oxides, it is not commonly used alone for cleaning gold and silver in jewelry making.
  • Hydrochloric acid is often used in combination with nitric acid to form aqua regia, a mixture with powerful oxidizing properties.
• Phosphoric Acid:
  • Phosphoric acid is a weaker acid compared to nitric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric acids.
  • It is often used in certain rust-removing products and as a food additive, but it is not a common choice for cleaning precious metals like gold and silver.

The correct answer is Mustard.

Key Points

• Rabi crops:
  • Rabi crops or rabi harvest are agricultural crops that are sown in winter and harvested in the spring in India.
  • Some example of Rabi crops is wheat, barley, gram, peas, mustard, and linseed.
  • States from the north and northwestern parts such as Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh are important for the production of wheat and other rabi crops.
  • The availability of precipitation during winter months due to the western temperate cyclones helps in the success of these crops.
• Zaid Season:
  • It is a short season between the Kharif and Rabi seasons.
  • The crops grown during this season are known as Zaid crops.
  • Pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon, bitter gourd, etc. are all zaid types of crops.
• Kharif Season:
  • Kharif crops also are known as monsoon crops as they are cultivated in the monsoon season.
  • Their cropping season starts in June and ends in October.
  • These crops are sown at the beginning of the rainy season.
  • Rice, maize, bajra, ragi, sorghum, soybean, groundnut, cotton, etc. are all Kharif types of crops.

Additional Information 

Given Equation: 13 B 7 A 64 D 4 C 23 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 13 × 7 + 64 ÷ 4 - 23 = ?

⇒ 13 × 7 + 16 - 23 = ?

⇒ 91 + 16 - 23 = ?

⇒ 107 - 23 = 84.

Hence, the correct option is "Option 2".

The correct answer is Magnesium.

Key Points

• The green pigment of the leaf is called Chlorophyll which has Magnesium(Mg) involved in its structure which imparts the green color of the leaf.
• Some other pigments responsible for the color of the leaf are:

  • Pigment	Colour
    Carotenoids	Bright yellow-orange (Sunflower)
    Anthocyanins	Pink-red
    Betalains	Red or Yellow

The Correct answer is Narendra Modi.

In News

• PM Modi Inaugurates Surat Diamond Exchange, World's Largest Office.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Surat diamond exchange, a complex that has overtaken Pentagon as the world's largest office.
• The SDB aims to shift the entire diamond trading business from Mumbai to Surat.
• It also aims to boost business, attract international clients, and create a significant economic impact on the region.
• The project is part of the Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City, a greenfield project spread over nearly 700 acres.

Additional Information

• Surat is the hub of diamond cutting and polishing.
• It is the world’s biggest centre for cutting and polishing, accounting for 90% of the diamonds traded globally.
• Surat is located beside the Tapi River in the west Indian state of Gujarat.
• Historically it was known for silk weaving and remains a commercial center for textiles.

Given Statements:

I. All keys are locks.

II. No door is a lock.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some locks are doors - False (Because, No door is a lock).

II. Some locks are keys - True (Because, All keys are locks implies that Some locks are keys).

III. No key is a door - True (Because, All keys are locks and No door is a lock, so No key is a door).

So, Both conclusions II and III follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic follows here is:

Given word:

CORPORATION

The given word can be represented as shown below:

In the forward direction → "PR", "RT" and "PT"

In the backward direction → "NO" and "OP".

Thus there are 5 pairs of a letter in the word 'CORPORATION' each of which has as many letters between them in word as they have between them in the English alphabetical series.

Hence, the correct answer is "5".

Given:

Prime numbers between 40 and 80.

Formula used:

Average = The sum of values ÷ The count of values

Calculations:

The primes between 40 and 80 are: 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, and 79.

The sum of these primes =  41 + 43 + 47 + 53 + 59 + 61 + 67 + 71 + 73 + 79 = 594

The count of these primes = 10.

The average = 594/10 = 59.4.

∴ The average of the prime numbers between 40 and 80 is 59.4.

The correct answer is The Portuguese

Key Points

• The Portuguese were the first European power to establish a trading post in India. Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer, was the first European to reach India by sea, landing in Calicut (present-day Kozhikode, Kerala) in 1498.
• This marked the beginning of the Portuguese era in India. They established their first fort in Cochin in 1503 and later, in 1510, they captured Goa, which became the capital of the Portuguese possessions in the East.
• The Dutch (The Netherlands), the British, and the French came later.
• The Dutch East India Company was established in 1602, the British East India Company was formed in 1600 but they established their first factory in Surat, India in 1613, and the French East India Company was established much later in 1664.

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Code = [(Addition of all letter's position value) × (Number of letters)]

'BARBIE' is written as '222' →

'ELSA' is written as '148' →

Similarly, 'ARIEL' will be written as:

Here, the code for 'ARIEL' is '225'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given

Total surface area of cube = 1944 cm²

Formula used

Total surface area of cube = 6(side)²

Volume of cube = (side)³

Calculation

Let side of a cube is a cm.

6a² = 1944

⇒ a² = 1944/6

⇒ a² = 324

⇒ a = 18 cm

Volume of a cube = (18)³

⇒ 18 × 18 × 18

⇒ 5832 cm²

∴ The volume of a cube is 5832 cm²

The correct answer is 1982.

Key Points

• National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development:-
  • NABARD is a development bank concentrating principally on the rural sector of the country.
  • It is the apex banking institution to provide finance for Agriculture and rural development.
  • Its headquarters is located in Mumbai.
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) at the demand of the Government of India, constituted a Committee to Review the Arrangements For Institutional Credit for Agriculture and Rural Development (CRAFICARD) in 1979, under the Chairmanship of Shri B. Sivaraman, a former member of Planning Commission.
  • In the year 1982, CRAFICARD recommended the establishment of a developmental bank, and accordingly, NABARD was set up.

The logic followed here is as follows:

Hence, the next term is "1921".

The correct answer is Cancer.

Key Points

Isotopes are Atoms of a chemical element that have the same atomic number but a different atomic mass.

• For example ₅B¹⁰ and ₅B^11​

Key Points

• Cobalt-60, a radioactive isotope of cobalt used in industry and medicine.
• Cobalt-60 is the longest-lived isotope of cobalt, with a half-life of 5.27 years.
• It is produced by irradiating the stable isotope cobalt-59 with neutrons in a nuclear reactor.
• Cobalt-60 is used in the inspection of materials to reveal internal structure, flaws, or foreign objects and in the sterilization of food.
• In medicine, it is used to treat cancer and to sterilize medical equipment.

Hence we can conclude that the Isotope of Cobalt is used in the treatment of Cancer.

Additional Information

• Iodine-131 (I¹³¹) is used to treat Goitre and thyroid cancer.
• The Rhenium-SCT (Skin Cancer Therapy) is brachytherapy utilizing the Beta emitter radioisotope Rhenium-188 (Re¹⁸⁸) for the treatment Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer. 
• Phosphorus-32 (P³²) is widely used for cancer detection and treatment, especially in eyes and skin cancer.

The correct answer is Styles.

Key Points

• Styles are a feature of word processing software that allow you to format text with a consistent look and feel.
• In Microsoft Word, there are many different styles available, including heading styles, body text styles, and table styles.
• When you create a table of contents in Microsoft Word, the software uses the heading styles in your document to create the table.
• The heading styles tell the software what level of heading each section is, and the software then creates the table of contents accordingly.
• For example, if you use the Heading 1 style for the main sections of your document, and the Heading 2 style for the subsections, then the table of contents will show the main sections at the top level, and the subsections indented below them.

Additional Information

• Hyperlinks are used to link to other parts of a document or to websites.
• Spelling and grammar check are used to check for spelling and grammar errors in a document.
• Mail merge is used to create personalized letters or emails.

correct answer is Shunga.

Key Points

•  Pushyamitra Shunga, the commander of Brihadratha, killed the last Mauryan emperor and established the Shunga dynasty.
• The Shunga dynasty ruled over a significant part of the Indian subcontinent, with its capital at Pataliputra (modern-day Patna).
• The Shunga rulers were known for their patronage of Brahmanism, marking a shift from the Buddhist leanings of the preceding Mauryan dynasty.
• He performed Vedic sacrifices such as Ashvamedha, Rajasuya and Vajapeya.
• Pushyamitra Sunga patronised the Sanskrit grammarian Patanjali.
•  Last Sunga king was Devabhuti.

Additional Information

• The Chedi dynasty was founded by Vindhya Shakti. 
• The Kanva dynasty was founded by Vasudeva Kanva .
  • It is believed that Vasudeva Kanva killed the Shunga ruler Devabhuti and established his own empire in 72 BCE.
  • Kanva dynasty had a ruling phase from 72 BCE to 28 BCE.
• The Satavahana dynasty was founded by Simuka.
  • ​​The Satavahana rule is believed to have started around the third century BC, in 235 BC and lasted until the second century AD.
  • Pratishthana (Paithan) and Amaravati were its capitals.
  • major rulers of the Satvahana dynasty were – Satakarni, Hala, Gautamiputra Satakarni.

The positions of the letters according to the English alphabet series:

The pattern for this is as follows;

And;

Similarly;

Hence, the correct answer is "CBZ : MLJ".

The correct answer is Iodine 131.

Key Points

• A goitre is a lump or swelling at the front of the neck caused by a swollen thyroid.
• Goitre is an adaptive reaction of the cells in your thyroid to any process that blocks thyroid hormone production.
• The most common cause of goiter worldwide is iodine deficiency.
• It is treatable.
• Iodine-131 is a radioactive isotope used in the treatment of goitre.

Additional Information

• Cobalt-60 is used in the medical treatment of fatal diseases like cancer.
• Uranium-235 is used for nuclear fission and the production of electricity.
• Sodium-24 is used for the detection of cracks (leakage) in the underground pipes.

The correct answer is Baji Rao II.

Key Points

• The last Peshwa of the Maratha Empire was Baji Rao II.
• Baji Rao II, the son of the former Peshwa Raghunathrao, was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Empire and ruled from 1795 to 1818.
• Nana Sahib, also known as Dhondup Pant, was the adopted son of the last Peshwa Baji Rao II.
• Indian Peshwa of the Maratha empire, Nana Sahib led the rebellion in Kanpur by motivating the rebels against British rule.

Given series:

F $ 5 A % & D 4 G @ C 3 X * T 1 9

Condition to be checked:

1. Alphabets which is immediately preceded by a prime number.

2. Alphabets which is immediately followed by a symbol.

Prime number → Alphabet → Symbol

F $ 5 A % & D 4 G @ C 3 X * T 1 9

Thus there are two such patterns (5 A %, 3 X *) that are following the above conditions.

Hence,"2" is the correct answer.

Mistake Points

Immediately preceded by means immediately before or to come just before.

Immediately followed by means immediately after or to come just after.

Given:

Time taken by A and B = 6 days

Time taken by A = 10 days

Formula used:

Total work = Time taken × Efficiency

Calculation:

L.C.M of (6 and 10) = 30 = Total work

Efficiency of A and B = 30/6 = 5 units/day

Efficiency of B = 30/10 = 3 units/day

Efficiency of B = (5 – 3) units/day

⇒ 2 units/day

Time taken by B = 30/2 days

⇒ 15 days

∴ B will complete the work in 15 days