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Ancient History of Odisha-Odisha GK-01
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Odisha State Symbols
State Animal : Sambar Deer
The Sambar is a kind of deer which is found in abandance in the
forests of Odisha. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List
since 2008. It has been associated for quite some time with this state
since the time of the great kings who reigned over this realm.They
were the prime prey of the royalty when they went out on ‘Shikar’
(hunting trips). Sambar is found in the forests of Odisha. Regional
Science Centres for successful breeding of Sambar are developed at
Bhubaneswar and Dhenkanal.
State Bird : Indian Roller
The State Bird of Odisha is the Indian Roller. Its striking blue colour
makes it very sought after by tourists, especially the birds watchers.
They are hardly built, characterised by a large head, a light blue
abdomen, which gives it the name and a blunt, square tail. They are
commonly seen in open grassland and scrub forests. They are easily
found in the Indian sub-continent.
State Flower : Ashoka
The State Flower is the ‘Ashoka’ flower. The Ashoka is a rain-forest
tree. Its original distribution was in the central areas of the Deccan
plateau, as well as the middle section of the Western Ghats in the
Western coastal zone of the Indian sub-continent. These flowers
bloosom from February to April. They are small and come in heavy
lush bunches. They are bright orange-yellow in colour and turn red
before wilting.
State Tree : Ashvattha
The State Tree of Odisha is Ashvattha (Sacred fig). It is a large dry
season-deciduous or semi-evergreen tree. It is also known as the
Bo-Tree Peepal, Peepul, or Pippal (in India and Nepal). Peepal tree
is of great medicinal value. Its leaves serve as a wonderful laxative
as well as tonic for the body. This tree is of fig variety and produces
small round fruits of 1-1.5cm in diameter. It is a sacred tree in
Hinduism and Buddhism. Gautam Buddha is beleived to attain
Nirvana under this tree.
ANCIENT HISTORY OF ODISHA
Odisha has a history spanning over a period of over 5,000
years. In acient time, it was known by different names in
different periods such as ‘Kalinga’, ‘Udra’ or ‘Odra Desa’
‘Utkala’, ‘Kosala’, ‘Toshala’ and ‘Kongoda’.
● The name Odia originated from Odra or Udra tribes that inhabited the central
coastal belt (Khurda district and Nayagarh district) of modern Odisha. Udra is the
Pre-Historic name of Odisha while Odisha is the modern name of the ancient
Kalinga Empire.
● Odisha or Odra Desa, Udra, Kalinga as called during ancient period has a rich
history where many strong dynasties emerged. Human history in Odisha dates
back to Lower Paleolithic era as many archaeological sources have been excavated
from different regions of Odisha. The Political history opens with the rule of
Nandas. The Nandas ruled Magadha and were among the first to integrate
Kalinga into their empire in 350 BC.
● The Mauryan dynasty under Emperor Asoka fought the famous Kalinga War in
260 BC. This war transformed Ashoka. Next came the Chedi dynasty in around
100 BC, which was followed by Muranda dynasty. The Gupta dynasty established
its control in 350 AD and divided Kalinga into four principalities. During Gupta
period, Sub-regional kingdoms emerged. The Matharas, Nalas, Parvatadvarkas,
Mehas, Vindyatavis and Sarbhapuriyas.
● Some kingdoms that emerged after the Gupta period were Virgrahas, Mudgalas
and Mandala states. Sailodbhava Dynasty emerged in 553 AD and continued for
around 130 years. Next was Bhauma-Kara dynasty established in first half of 8th
century AD. It had many women rulers. The Somavamsi dynasty was established
in middle of 10th century AD and continued its rule for 300 years. It is the last
dynasty formed in ancient Odisha, after which came the era of medieval empires
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Welcome To Odisha Regional Stuy Point
We Provide the best e preparation for all competitive exam In ଓଡ଼ିଆ Language…
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