Alpha-numeric series–2-Reasoning-ଓଡ଼ିଆରେ-ORSP

The logic follows here is:

The total number of triangles here is 16 as given below.

Hence, the correct answer is "16".

Alternate Method

Triangle (GCD, GDE, GCE, GIE, ICE, HCG, HCE, FIE, FCE, BHC, BCE, ACE, BCG, FGE, AEH, ACI)

Hence, the answer is 16.

The pattern follows here is;

1) CHEST → (E i.e. Vowel in the middle of the Word)

2) NIGHT → (I i.e. Vowel is not in the middle of the Word)

3) BLACK → (A i.e. Vowel in the middle of the Word)

4) TRUTH → (U i.e. Vowel in the middle of the Word)

Hence, the correct answer is "NIGHT".

Additional InformationVowels: A, E, I, O, and U.

Consonants: Other than Vowels all letters are Consonants.

According to the sequence in the dictionary:

The correct order of the given words is:

3. Petition

1. Petitionary

5. Petitioned

4. Petitioners

2. Petitioning

Hence, the correct answer is "3, 1, 5, 4, 2".

Given information,

1) There is a gap of two days between persons B and C, where B is going after C.

2) B is not going office on Thursday and Friday.

3) A is going on the first day of the week.

4) E is going to the office just after F, who is not going to the office on Friday.

So, the final arrangement is,

Hence, person D is going to the office on Tuesday.

"Who" is used for the second person in a sentence.

For example,

E is going to the office just after F, who is not going to the office on Friday → E is going to the office just after F, and  F is not going to the office on Friday.

Here all the polygon are of odd number of sides except hexagone.

Hendecagon is a polygon of 11 sides, Heptagon is a polygon of 7 sides and Pentagon is a polygon of 5 sides.

Only Hexagon is an odd one here as it has even number of sides i.e. 6 sides.

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

ସଠିକ ଉତ୍ତର ହେଉଛି "ଅତିମାନସ"।
Key Points

• ଏକ ବା ଏକାଧିକ ପଦ ମିଳିତ ହୋଇ ମନର ଭାବକୁ ସଂପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରୂପେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କଲେ ବାକ୍ୟ ହୁଏ।
• କେହି କେହି ଅଧିକ କଥାକୁ ଅଳ୍ପରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରନ୍ତି, କେହି କେହି ମଧ୍ଯ ଅଳ୍ପ କଥାକୁ ଅଧିକ ଭାବରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରନ୍ତି।
• ଦୀର୍ଘ ବାକ୍ୟ ଅପେକ୍ଷା ଛୋଟ ବାକ୍ୟ କହିବାକୁ ଓ ଶୁଣିବାକୁ ଭଲ ଲାଗେ।
• ତେଣୁ ଦୀର୍ଘ ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ମଧ୍ଯ ସଂକ୍ଷେପରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରାଯାଇପାରେ।
• ଏପ୍ରକାରର ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନକୁ ବାକ୍ୟ ସଂକ୍ଷେପଣ କୁହାଯାଏ।
• ସଂକ୍ଷେପଣ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ସନ୍ଧି, ସମାସ, କୃଦନ୍ତ,ତଦ୍ଧିତ, ଉପସର୍ଗ ଓ ସମାର୍ଥବୋଧକ ଶବ୍ଦ ବିଶେଷ ଭାବରେ ସହାୟତା କରିଥାଆନ୍ତି।
• ପୁନଶ୍ଚ ବାକ୍ୟ ସଂକ୍ଷେପଣ ନିମିତ୍ତ ଭାବ ଓ ଅର୍ଥକୁ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ନ କରି ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଥିବା ଏକାଧିକ ପଦକୁ ସଂକ୍ଷେପ କରି ଗୋଟିଏ ପଦରେ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରାଯାଇପାରେ।
• ଏହିପରି ଗୋଟିଏ ପଦରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରିବା ପ୍ରକ୍ରିୟାକୁ ଏକପଦୀକରଣ କୁହାଯାଏ।

ଯଥାର୍ଥତା:

• ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଟିକୁ ବୁଝିବାକୁ ହେଲେ ନିମ୍ନ ଉଦାହରଣଟିକୁ ଦେଖିବା:
• ମାନସରୁ ମାନସକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ବିକାଶ ହେଉଛି ବିଶ୍ୱ ଚେତନା ଉତ୍ତରଣର ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ମାଇଲ ଖୁଣ୍ଟ।
• ଏଠାରେ 'ମାନସକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି' - ଏକାଧିକ ପଦବିଶିଷ୍ଟ, ଏହାକୁ ଏବେ ଭାବ ଓ ଅର୍ଥଗତ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ନ କରି ଏକ ପଦରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କଲେ ଏହା ସମାର୍ଥବୋଧକ ହେତୁ 'ଅତିମାନସ'ରେ ପରିଣତ ହେବ। 
• ଯାହା ଫଳରେ ବାକ୍ୟଟି ସଂକ୍ଷେପ ହେବ ଏବଂ କହିବାକୁ ଓ ଶୁଣିବାକୁ ଭଲ ଲାଗିବ।
• ଯଥା: ମାନସରୁ ଅତିମାନସ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ବିକାଶ ହେଉଛି ବିଶ୍ୱ ଚେତନା ଉତ୍ତରଣର ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ମାଇଲ ଖୁଣ୍ଟ ।
• କାରଣ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅଭିଧାନ ଅନୁସାରେ 'ଅତିମାନସ' ଶବ୍ଦଟିର ଅର୍ଥ 'ମନ; ଚିତ୍ତ; ଇଚ୍ଛା; ଅଭିଳାଷ; ମନର ତାପ; ମାନସିକ ଦୁଃଖଭୋଗ ଆଦିକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି ଅର୍ଥାତ ମାନସ (ମନସ୍+ଅ)କୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି' ସୂଚାଏ।
• ଅତଏବ ଏଥିରୁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ହେଲା ଯେ, ଅର୍ଥଗତ ଓ ଭାବଗତ ସମାନତା ହେତୁ 'ଅତିମାନସ' ହିଁ 'ମାନସକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି' ପାଇଁ ଉଚିତ ଏକପଦୀକରଣ।​​

Additional Information

• ଅନ୍ୟବିକଳ୍ପଗୁଡିକ 'ମାନସକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି' ପଦଟି ପାଇଁ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ସମାର୍ଥବୋଧକ ପ୍ରତିପାଦନ କରିବାରେ ଅସମର୍ଥ ହେଉଥିବା ହେତୁ ଉଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଏକପଦ ଶବ୍ଦ ନୁହଁନ୍ତି।

ସଠିକ ଉତ୍ତର ହେଉଛି ''ପରଂପରାକୁ ଅକ୍ଷୁଣ୍ଣ ରଖିବା ଉଚିତ"।

Key Points

• କହିବା ଓ ଲେଖିବା ମଧ୍ୟରେ ବ୍ୟବଧାନ ବହୁତ ବେଶି।
• ଆମ ଭାଷାରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ଅନେକ ଶବ୍ଦର ଠିକ୍ ରୂପ ଆମେ ଜାଣୁନାହିଁ। ଠିକ୍ ରୂପ ନ ଲେଖିଲେ ଭାଷା ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧ ହେବ।
• ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ବ୍ୟବହାର ବେଳେ କେତେକ ସାଧାରଣ ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧି ପରିଲକ୍ଷିତ ହୋଇଥାଏ।
• ଏହି ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧି ଅନେକ ପ୍ରକାରର । ଯଥା : ବଚନଗତ, ଲିଙ୍ଗଗତ, ବିଶେଷ୍ୟ ଓ ବିଶେଷଣଗତ, ସନ୍ଧିଗତ, ସମାସଗତ, କୃଦନ୍ତ, ତଦ୍ଧିତ ବିଧିଗତ ଓ ବନାନଗତ ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧି ଦେଖାଯାଏ।
• ସେହି ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଶୁଦ୍ଧ ରୂପ ଜାଣିଲେ ଭାଷା ସରସ ଓ ସୁନ୍ଦର ହୋଇଥାଏ।

ଯଥାର୍ଥତା:

• ଏଠାରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ବିକଳ୍ପଗୁଡିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ 'ପରଂପରାକୁ ଅକ୍ଷୁଣ୍ଣ ରଖୁବା ଉଚିତ' ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଅନ୍ୟ ସମସ୍ତ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧତା ଘଟିଛି।
• ପରଂପରାକୁ ଅକ୍ଷୁଣ୍ଣ ରଖୁବା ଉଚିତ - ଏଠି ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ପଦଗୁଡିକ ଉଚିତ ବ୍ୟବହାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ନିୟମାନୁଯାୟୀ ମୁଖ୍ୟତଃ କାବ୍ୟାତ୍ମକ କଥନ ଶୈଳୀଗତ, ବ୍ୟାକରଣଗତ ତଥା ବନାନଗତ ଶୁଦ୍ଧ।
• ଅନ୍ୟ ସମସ୍ତ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ପଦଗୁଡିକରେ ଉଚିତ ବ୍ୟବହାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ନିୟମ ତଥା କାବ୍ୟାତ୍ମକ କଥନ ଶୈଳୀଗତ ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧତା ଘଟିଛି ।

Additional Information

• ଅନ୍ୟ ବିକଳ୍ପଗୁଡିକ ନିତ୍ୟ ମାର୍ମିକ ତୁଳନା ତଥା କାବ୍ୟାତ୍ମକ କଥନ ଶୈଳୀକୁ ସାକାର କରିବାରେ ଅସମର୍ଥ ହେତୁ ଉଚିତ ବ୍ୟବହାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ନିୟମାନୁଯାୟୀ ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧ।

ସଠିକ ଉତ୍ତର ହେଉଛି- ନମଃ + କାର

Key Points

• ପୂର୍ବ ପଦର ଶେଷ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସହ ପରପଦର ଆଦ୍ୟ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନକୁ ସନ୍ଧି କୁହାଯାଏ ।
• ସନ୍ଧିଦ୍ବାରା ଦୁଇବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନ ଘଟେ ଏବଂ ଦୁଇପଦ ଏକ ପଦରେ ପରିଣତ ହୁଅନ୍ତି । ଏକପଦ ହେଉଥିବା ପଦକୁ ସନ୍ଧିପଦ କହନ୍ତି ।
• ଉଦାହରଣସ୍ବରୂପ- ହିତୋପଦେଶ ଶବ୍ଦଟି ହିତ ଓ ଉପଦେଶର ମିଳନରେ ଗଠିତ ହୋଇଛି ।
• ହିତୋପଦେଶରେ ହିତ ହେଉଛି ପୂର୍ବପଦ ଓ ଉପଦେଶ ହେଉଛି ପରପଦ ।
• ସନ୍ଧି ତିନି ପ୍ରକାରର ଅଟେ । ଯଥା- ସ୍ବରସନ୍ଧି, ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ସନ୍ଧି ଓ ବିସର୍ଗ ସନ୍ଧି ।
• ପରସ୍ପର ସନ୍ନିହିତ ସ୍ବରବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନକୁ ସ୍ବରସନ୍ଧି କୁହାଯାଏ । ଯଥା- ଅନାଥ+ଆଶ୍ରମ= ଅନାଥାଶ୍ରମ, ନବ+ଅନ୍ନ=ନବାନ୍ନ ।
• ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସହିତ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନବର୍ଣ୍ଣର କିମ୍ବା ସ୍ବରବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନକୁ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ସନ୍ଧି କହନ୍ତି । ଯଥା- ଉତ୍+ନତି=ଉନ୍ନତି, ସତ୍+ଆଚାର=ସଦାଚାର ।
• ବିସର୍ଗ ସହିତ ସ୍ବରବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବା ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ସନ୍ଧି ହେଲେ ତାହାକୁ ବିସର୍ଗ ସନ୍ଧି କୁହାଯାଏ । ଯଥା- ଅନ୍ତଃ+ଗତ=ଅନ୍ତର୍ଗତ, ପୁନଃ+ବାର=ପୁନର୍ବାର ।

ଯଥାର୍ଥତା:

• ଏଠାରେ ନମଃ + କାର=‘ନମସ୍କାରସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇଛି ।
• ଉପରୋକ୍ତ ପଦଟି ହେଉଛି ବିସର୍ଗ ସନ୍ଧିର ଅନ୍ତର୍ଭୁକ୍ତ ।
• ଅନ୍ୟ ବିକଳ୍ପଗୁଡିକ ପ୍ରଯୁଜ୍ୟ ନୁହେଁ ।

Additional Information

• ତିରଃ + କାର = ତିରସ୍କାର
• ଅୟଃ + କାନ୍ତ = ଅୟସ୍କାନ୍ତ
• ନମଃ + କାର = ନମସ୍କାର
• ବାଚଃ + ପତି = ବାଚସ୍ପତି
• ପୁରଃ + କାର = ପୁରସ୍କାର
• ଶ୍ରେୟଃ + କର = ଶ୍ରେୟସ୍କର
• ଭଃ + କର = ଭାସ୍କର
• ମନଃ + କାମନା = ମନସ୍କାମନା

ସଠିକ ଉତ୍ତର ହେଉଛି "ହିତୈଷୀ"।
Key Points

• ପରସ୍ପର ସନ୍ନିହିତ ପୂର୍ବପଦର ଶେଷବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଓ ପରପଦର ପ୍ରଥମବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନକୁ  ସନ୍ଧି କୁହାଯାଏ।
• ସନ୍ଧି ତିନିପ୍ରକାର : ୧. ସ୍ଵର ସନ୍ଧି, ୨. ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ସନ୍ଧି, ୩. ବିସର୍ଗ ସନ୍ଧି।
• ପରସ୍ପର ସନ୍ନିହିତ ପୂର୍ବପଦର ଶେଷ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସହିତ ପରପଦର ପ୍ରଥମ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବା ସ୍ୱର ବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନକୁ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ସନ୍ଧି କୁହାଯାଏ।
• ଯେପରିକି ବାକ୍ + ମୟ = ବାଙ୍ମୟ = ( କ୍ + ମ ) = ( ଙ୍ + ମ ) = ଙ୍ମ।
• ପୂର୍ବପଦର ଶେଷରେ ଥିବା ବିସର୍ଗ (8) ସହିତ ପରପଦର ପ୍ରଥମରେ ଥିବା ସ୍ବରବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବା ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନ ହେଲେ ବିସର୍ଗ ସନ୍ଧି ହୁଏ।
• ଯେପରିକି ପୁନଃ + ଅପି = ପୁନରପି (ନଃ (‘ର୍’ ରୂପୀ 8) = ନର୍ + ଅପି = ର୍ + ଅ = ର)।

ଯଥାର୍ଥତା:

• ପରସ୍ପର ସନ୍ନିହିତ ପୂର୍ବପଦର ଶେଷ ସ୍ୱରବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସହିତ ପରପଦର ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ୱରବର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମିଳନକୁ ସ୍ୱରସନ୍ଧି କୁହାଯାଏ।
• ଏଠାରେ 'ହିତୈଷୀ' ଶବ୍ଦଟିର ଯଥାର୍ଥ ସନ୍ଧି ବିଚ୍ଛେଦ କଲେ ‘ହିତ + ଏଷୀ’ ଉଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ହେବ।
• ସୂତ୍ର - ‘ଅ’ ବା ‘ଆ’ ପରେ ‘ଏ’ ବା ‘ଐ’ ଥିଲେ, ଦୁହେଁ ମିଶି ‘ଐ’’ ହୁଅନ୍ତି ଏହି ‘ଐ’ ଐ କାର ( ୈ ) ହୋଇ ପୂର୍ବବର୍ଣ୍ଣରେ ଯୁକ୍ତ ହୁଏ ।
• ଏଠି ‘ଅ’ ପରେ ସ୍ୱରବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ‘ଏ’ ଥିବା ହେତୁ ‘ଆ’ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ‘ଐ’ ହୋଇ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣ 'ଏ' ସହ ଯୁକ୍ତ ହେଉଛି ଓ ସ୍ୱର ସନ୍ଧି 'ହିତୈଷୀ' ଗଠିତ ହେଉଛି। ​

Additional Information

• ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଅନ୍ୟ ବିକଳ୍ପଗୁଡିକ ସନ୍ଧି ଗଠନ ନିୟମକୁ ଉଚିତ ରୂପେ ପ୍ରତିପାଦନ କରିବାରେ ଅସମର୍ଥ ହେତୁ 'ହିତ + ଏଷୀ ' ପାଇଁ ଉଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ସନ୍ଧି ବିଚ୍ଛେଦ ନୁହଁନ୍ତି।

ସଠିକ ଉତ୍ତର ହେଉଛି "!"।
Key Points

• ମନର ଭାବନାକୁ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ପରିଣତ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ଭାବନାକୁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ରୂପେରେଖ ଦେବା
• ନିମିତ୍ତ ବାକ୍ୟରେ କେତେକ ଚିହ୍ନର ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଇଥାଏ। ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ବାକ୍ୟ ବିନ୍ୟାସ ଚିହ୍ନ କହନ୍ତି।
• ବାକ୍ୟରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ଚିହ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନିମ୍ନ ପ୍ରକାର–
• ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣଚ୍ଛେଦ (।)
• କମା ବା ପ୍ରଥମଚ୍ଛେଦ (,)
• ସେମିକଲୋନ ବା ଦ୍ବିତୀୟଚ୍ଛେଦ (;)
• କୋଲନ୍ (:)
• ଉଦାହରଣ ବା ଯଥା ଚିହ୍ନ (:-)
• ପ୍ରଶ୍ନବାଚକ ଚିହ୍ନ (?)
• ବିସ୍ମୟାଦି ସୂଚକ ଚିହ୍ନ (!)
• ଉଦ୍ଧୃତ ଚିହ୍ନ (" ") ବା (' ')
• ବ୍ୟବଧାନ ଚିହ୍ନ (-)
• ବନ୍ଧନୀ ଚିହ୍ନ '()'/'[]'/'{}'

ଯଥାର୍ଥତା:

• '!' - ଏହା ବିସ୍ମୟାସୂଚକ ଚିହ୍ନ ରୂପେ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଥାଏ।
• ଆନନ୍ଦ, ବିଷାଦ, ଘୃଣା, ବିସ୍ମୟାଦି ଭାବପ୍ରକାଶକ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଏହି ଚିହ୍ନ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।
• ଯଥା:- ଏ ଗୋଲାପଟିର କି ମହକ!
• ଓଃ! କି କଷ୍ଟ!

Additional Information

• ଅନ୍ୟ ବିକଳ୍ପଗୁଡିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ, ଉଦାହରଣ ବା ଯଥା ଚିହ୍ନ(:-) ଉଦାହରଣ ଦେବା ସମୟରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।
• ଯଥା: ବର୍ଷକ ଛଅ ଋତୁ; ଯଥା:- ଗ୍ରୀଷ୍ମ, ବର୍ଷା, ଶରତ, ହେମନ୍ତ, ଶୀତ ଓ ବସନ୍ତ।
• ପ୍ରଶ୍ନବାଚକ ଚିହ୍ନ(?) - ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର୍ଥକ ବାକ୍ୟଶେଷରେ ଏହି ଚିହ୍ନ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।
• ଯଥା: ତୁମେ କିଏ?
• ବ୍ୟବଧାନ ବା ରେଖା ଚିହ୍ନ(-) ବାକ୍ୟଟି ସରିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ମଝିରେ ବନ୍ଦ କରି ଅନ୍ୟ ବାକ୍ୟ ଆରମ୍ଭ କଲେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।
• ଯଥା: ଛାଡ଼ ସେ କଥା - ଚାଲ ହାଟକୁ ଯିବା।

The correct answer is: '​The dog and the cats are outside.'

Key Points

• '​The dog and the cats are outside.' is the correct answer because the sentence is grammatically correct.
  • If singular and plural subjects are connected with the help of 'and,' then the verb must be according to the subject next to it.
  • In this case, a plural subject 'cats' is next to the verb, therefore the verb must be plural.
• 'Physics deal with the forces acting on concrete objects.' is the incorrect answer.
  • Some nouns (Summons, News, Politics, Physics, Economics, Mechanics, etc.) look plural but are considered singular and a singular verb should be used with them.
• 'Cattle is not allowed to enter that farm.' is incorrect.
  • Some nouns (Cattle, Assets, Alms, Police, Amends, Annals, Archives, Ashes, Arrears, Athletics, etc.) are always in the plural form and they don’t have singular form.
    • A plural verb is used with them and in this case,​ 'are' should be used.
• 'The information are strictly confidential.' is incorrect because there are some nouns that are always singular.
  • These are uncountable nouns.
  • Example: Machinery, Work, Wood, Dust, Traffic, Electricity, Scenery, Poetry, Furniture, Advice, Luggage, Information, Luggage, Hair, Money, Language, Business, Mischief, Knowledge, Bread, Stationery, Crockery,  Baggage, Postage, Wastage, Jewellery, Breakage, etc.

The correct sentence: The dog or the cats are outside.

Additional Information

• Information is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural.
  • Example: I need some information about hotels.
     I need some informations about hotels.
• ​Information is always followed by a singular verb.
• When talking about one fact or detail, you say a piece of information or a bit of information.
  • Example: He gave me an interesting piece of information.

• '​The dog or the cats are outside.' सही उत्तर है क्योंकि वाक्य व्याकरणिक रूप से सही है।
  • यदि singular और plural subjects को 'and' की सहायता से जोड़ा जाता है, तो verb उसके आगे वाले subject के अनुसार होनी चाहिए।
  • इस मामले में, एक plural subject 'cats,' verb के बगल में है, इसलिए verb, plural होना चाहिए।
• 'Physics deals with the forces acting on concrete objects.' गलत उत्तर है।
  • कुछ nouns (Cattle, Assets, Alms, Police, Amends, Annals, Archives, Ashes, Arrears, Athletics, etc.) plural लगती हैं लेकिन उन्हें Singular माना जाता है और उनके साथ singular verb का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
• 'Cattle is not allowed to enter that farm.' गलत है।
  • कुछ nouns (Cattle, Assets, Alms, Police, Amends, Annals, Archives, Ashes, Arrears, Athletics, etc.) plural लगती हैं लेकिन उन्हें Singular माना जाता है और उनके साथ singular verb का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
  • इनके साथ plural verb का प्रयोग होता है और इस स्थिति में 'are' का प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
• 'The information are strictly confidential.' गलत है क्योंकि कुछ संज्ञाएं हमेशा singular होती हैं।
  • ये uncountable nouns हैं।
  • Example: Machinery, Work, Wood, Dust, Traffic, Electricity, Scenery, Poetry, Furniture, Advice, Luggage, Information, Luggage, Hair, Money, Language, Business, Mischief, Knowledge, Bread, Stationery, Crockery,  Baggage, Postage, Wastage, Jewellery, Breakage, etc.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e., 'Cipher'.

Key Points

• Let us look into the meaning of the words in the options -
  • Symbol - a mark or character used as a conventional representation of an object, function, or process, e.g. the letter or letters standing for a chemical element or a character in musical notation. (किसी वस्तु, कार्य या प्रक्रिया के पारंपरिक प्रतिनिधित्व के रूप में उपयोग किया जाने वाला चिह्न या चरित्र, उदा। एक रासायनिक तत्व या संगीत संकेतन में एक चरित्र के लिए खड़े होने वाले अक्षर या अक्षर।)
  • Cipher - a system of words, letters, figures, or symbols used to represent others, especially for the purposes of secrecy. (विशेष रूप से गोपनीयता के प्रयोजनों के लिए दूसरों का प्रतिनिधित्व करने के लिए उपयोग किए जाने वाले शब्दों, अक्षरों, अंकों या प्रतीकों की एक प्रणाली।)
  • Emblem - a heraldic device or symbolic object as a distinctive badge of a nation, organization, or family.(एक राष्ट्र, संगठन या परिवार के विशिष्ट बैज के रूप में एक हेरलडीक उपकरण या प्रतीकात्मक वस्तु।)
  • Puzzle - a game, toy, or problem designed to test ingenuity or knowledge. (एक खेल, खिलौना, या समस्या जिसे सरलता या ज्ञान का परीक्षण करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है।)
• From the above meanings it is clear that cipher is the best word to substitute the given group of words.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. spinster.

Key Points​

Let's look at the meanings of the given words-

• Spinster means a woman who is not married, especially a woman who is no longer young
• Sinister means 'suggestive of evil or harm.'
• Chaperon means a person who accompanies and looks after another person or group of people.
• Maid means an unmarried girl or a young woman.

​Clearly, 'spinster' is the correct word.

Do not rush and answer such questions. You may mark 'sinister' as your answer but the correct answer is 'spinster'.

The correct answer is 'Gerund'.

Key Points

• The underlined word in the given sentence is 'Gerund'.
• A Gerund is that form of the verb which ends in -ing and has the form of a Noun and a Verb.
  • Example - I like reading poetry.
• In the given sentence, the Gerund like a noun, is the object of the verb 'love' and like a verb, it also takes the object 'mud castles', thus clearly showing that it has also the form of a verb.
• Therefore, the underlined words is a Gerund.

Hence, the correct answer is option (3).

Additional Information

• Participle: A participle is that form of the Verb which partakes of the nature both of a verb and of an Adjective.
  • Example - Hearing the noise, the boy woke up.
• Noun: A noun is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing.
  • Example - Kolkata is on the banks of the river Hooghly.
• Adjective: An adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of a noun.
  • Example - He is a brave boy.

The correct answer is "reconciliation"

Key Points

• Options 1, 2, and 3 have erroneous spellings of the word.
• Let's look at the correct spelling and meaning of the word.
  • Reconciliation:
    the restoration of friendly relations.
    • Example: The husband and wife were no longer interested in reconciliation so they decided to file for divorce.

​The complete sentence is: The reconciliation of the worksheets is not an easy job.

The correct answer is Ladakh.

Key Points

• Hemish festival is celebrated in Ladakh.
• Hemish Festival:
  • It is celebrated every year on the birth anniversary of Guru Padmasambhava. 
  • The Dance Festival is world-famous representing the reincarnation of Buddha.
  • The most attractive part of the festival is the mystic mask dance.
  • The mask dances of Ladakh are referred to as Chams dance.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Mizoram.

• The tropic of cancer passes through 8 Indian states.
• The 8 Indian states through which, tropic of cancer passes are:
  1. Gujarat
  2. Rajasthan
  3. Madhya Pradesh
  4. Chhatisgarh
  5. Jharkhand
  6. West Bengal
  7. Tripura
  8. Mizoram

​

Additional Information

• The latitude of approximately 23°27′ N of the terrestrial equator is called tropic of cancer.
• There are 17 countries(Including Taiwan) through which the tropic of cancer passes.
• The tropic of cancer is the only latitude that passes through India.
• Mahi River is the only river in India that passes the tropic of cancer twice.
• The city nearest to the tropic of cancer in India is Udaipur city in Tripura.

The correct answer is 1, 3 and 4.

Key Points

• The Government of India Act 1919 was an act of the British Parliament that sought to increase the participation of Indians in the administration of their country.
• The act was based on the recommendations of a report by Edwin Montagu, the then Secretary of State for India, and Lord Chelmsford, India’s Viceroy between 1916 and 1921.
• Hence the constitutional reforms set forth by this act are known as Montagu-Chelmsford reforms or Montford reforms.

Features of the Act:

• It relaxed the central control over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects.
• The central and provincial legislatures were authorized to make laws on their respective list of subjects. However, the structure of government continued to be centralized and unitary.
• It further divided the provincial subjects into two parts—transferred and reserved.
• The reserved subjects, on the other hand, were to be administered by the governor and his executive council without being responsible to the Legislative Council.
  • It included subjects such as law and order, finance, land revenue, irrigation, etc. Hence Option 3 is correct.
  • All important subjects were kept in the reserved subjects of the Provincial Executive.
• The transferred subjects were to be administered by the governor with the aid of ministers responsible to the Legislative Council.
  • It included subjects such as education, health, local government, industry, agriculture, excise, etc.
  • In case of failure of constitutional machinery in the province, the governor could take over the administration of transferred subjects also.
• The Act introduced a diarchy (rule of two individuals/parties) for the executive at the level of the provincial government.
• It introduced, for the first time, bicameralism and direct elections in the country.
  • Thus, the Indian Legislative Council was replaced by a bicameral legislature consisting of an Upper House (Council of State) and a Lower House (Legislative Assembly).
  • The majority of members of both the Houses were chosen by direct election.
• It required that three of the six members of the Viceroy’s Executive Council (other than the commander-in-chief) were to be Indian.
• It extended the principle of communal representation by providing separate electorates for Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans.
• It granted franchises to a limited number of people on the basis of property, tax, or education.
• It created a new office of the High Commissioner for India in London and transferred to him some of the functions hitherto performed by the Secretary of State for India.
• It provided for the establishment of a public service commission. Hence, a Central Public Service Commission was set up in 1926 for recruiting civil servants.
• It separated, for the first time, provincial budgets from the Central budget and authorized the provincial legislatures to enact their budgets.
• It provided for the appointment of a statutory commission to inquire into and report on its working after ten years of its coming into force.

The correct answer is Khilji.

Important Points

•  Hence the Khilji Dynasty ruled for the shortest.

Additional Information

• Lodhi dynasty from 1451 to 1526 AD (75 Year).
• Longest duration-Tughlaq Dynasty.
• Shortest duration-Khilji Dynasty

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points 

• The Ganga Sagar Mela is a religious festival of India celebrated on Sagardwip (Sagar Island) in West Bengal state India.

Additional Information

Kampil Fair:

• The Kampil Fair claims to be a fair of the Jains, which is held annually at the place called Kampil, formerly known as Kampiya lies in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
• Kampil is an ancient historical town and is also mentioned in the epics.
• The place was earlier the capital of King Draupad.
• Kampil is the birthplace of the thirteenth Tirthankara, Brahlan Vimal Nath.

Bateshwar Mela:

• The place of Bateshwar derived its name from the presiding deity of the place Bateshwar Mahadeo, dedicated to the Gods and Goddesses of the Hindu pantheon.
• The town of Bateshwar is also famous for possessing 108 temples that are dedicated to various gods.
• The bateshwar Fair is held in the months of Kartik and Agrahayana.
• The most important feature of the Bateshwar fair is the livestock fair in the event as there are a large number of people, who buy and sell animals.

​Balia Mela:

• This fair is held annually in the honor of Dardar Muni, the disciple of Maharishi Bhrigu.
• It is the second-largest cattle fair in India.

Devi Patan Mela:

• Devi Patan Mela is celebrated in Devi Patan Temple, Tulsipur which is around 25 km from the district headquarters of Balrampur.
• It is the temple of Ma Pateshwari and goes by the name Devi Patan.
  • The temple is one of the famous 51 Shakti Peethas of Ma Durga.
• It is said that the right shoulder (called Pat in Hindi), of Mata Sati, had fallen here and hence it is also one of the Shakti Peetha and is called Devi Patan

Calculation:

In the school ratio of boys : girls = 12 : 13

Now, 12 unit → 372,

Then, (12 + 13) = 25 unit  → 372/12 × 25 = 775

∴ The correct answer is 775