NOUN-6(NUMBER)-ENGLISH-ORSP

NOUN-6(NUMBER)-ENGLISH-ORSP

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NOUN-6(NUMBER)-ENGLISH-ORSP

NOUN(NUMBER)Chapter-III

It is two types

Singular
Plural

Part (I) How plurals are Formed—

(1)General Noun + S =plural noun

cat =cats king =kings

Dog=dogs Queen=queens

Horse=horses Teacher=teachers

Cow=cows Friend=friends

(2)Nouns that end with——->(Z,S,Ss,CH,sh,x) + es =plural noun

Class—>classes church—>churches

Brush—>brushes Match—>matches

Kiss—>kisses Bench—>benches

Summons—>summonses Tax—->taxes

EXAM:-

The court has issued a summons.

The court has issued five summons. (summouses)

(3) Nouns that end with ‘y’

(A) Consonant + y —-remove ‘y’ ——–>’ies’

Baby—->babies

Variety—->varieties

Army—->armies

City—->cities

Lady—->ladies

Party—->parties

(B) Vowel +y—>ADD ‘s’ to fourth form

Boy—->boys

Donkey—->donkeys

Toy—->toys

Day—>days

Monkey—->monkeys

Key—->keys

(4) Nouns that end with ‘o’

(A)Consonant +o + es= plural noun

Mango=mangoes Mosquito=mosquitoes

Desperado(बेधड़क=Desperadoes Negro= Negroes

Echo=echoes Potato=potatoes

Eskimo=eskimoes Tomato=tomatoes

Flamingo=flamingoes Tomado=tomadoes

Fresco=frescoes Veto=vetoes

Grotto=grottoes Volcano=volcanoes

Halo=haloes

Exceptions:-

Dynamo=dynamos Canto=cantos Manifesto=manifestos

Embryo=Embryos Commando=commandos Photo=photos

Kilo=kilos Maestro=maestros Piano=pianos Proviso=provisos

Note:-some nouns that end with ‘o’ can form their plural by adding both ‘s’ and ‘es’

Cargo—->cargos/cargoes

Matto—–>mottos/mottoes

Lasso—->lassos/lassoes

Portico—->porticos/porticoes

(B)

(a)Vowel + o ——->(ADD ‘s’ ) =plural noun

Bamboo—->bamboos Portfolio—–>portfolios

Cameo—->cameos Radio—->radios

Cuckoo—–>cuckoos Ratio—–>ratios

Curio—–>curios Scenario—–>scenarios

Folio—->folios Studio—–>studios

Video—–>videos

(5) Nouns that end with ‘f’ OR ‘fe’

(A) Remove ‘f’ or fe ——->(add ‘ves’)=plural noun

Wife—>wives Elf—>elves Life—>lives

Self—>selves Knife—>knives Shelf—>shelves

Leaf—>leaves Theif—>thieves Loaf—->loaves

Sheaf—>sheaves Wolf(ଗଧିଆ)—->wolves Calf—->calves

Half—->halves

(B) Other nouns that end with ‘f’ or fe (takes) ‘s’ =plural noun

Brief—>briefs

Safe—->safes

Chief—>chiefs

Proof—>proofs

Roof—->roofs

Turf—-.turfs

Note:- 4 nouns can take both ‘s’ and ‘ves’ (Their plural can be made by both the above rules )

Hoof(ଖୁର)—hoofs Hoof—->hooves

Wharf—>wharfs Wharf—->wharves

Scarf—->scarfs Scarf—->scarves

Staff—>staffs Staff—>staves

(6)Plural of some nouns are formed by changing the vowel that comes betweenthem .

MAN—>MEN FOOT—->FEET WOMAN—–>WOMEN

TOOTH—->TEETH GOOSE—>GEESE MOUSE—->MICE LOUSE—->LICE

(7)Plural of some are formed by adding ;en’ OR ‘ren’ to them.

Child—>children

Ox—->oxen

(8) Foreign plurals

(A)Some latin & Greek nouns thats end with ‘um’ —> Their plural is formed by removing ‘um’ & ‘a’

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Addendum addenda Datum data

Agendum agenda Maximum maxima

Bacterium bacteria Minimum minima

Corrigendum corrigenda Momentum momenta

Crematorium crematoria (Agendum , Datum)

(Note -I)

Some Latin & Greek nouns thats end with ‘um’ —–> Their plural is formed by removing ‘um’ & adding ‘s’

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Album albums Decorum decorums

Mausoleum mausoleums Pendulum pendulums

Museum museums Forum forums

Asylum asylums Preminu premiums

Nostrum nostrums Geranium geraiums

Auditorium auditorium Quorum quorums

(Note-II)

Some Latin & Greek nouns thats end with ‘um’ —–> Their plural is formed by removing ‘um’ OR adding ‘a’

Singular Plural

Aquarium aquariums OR aquaria

Symposium Symposiums OR Symposia

Medium mediums OR media

Dictum dictums OR dicta

Memorandum Memorandums OR Memoranda

Podium podiums OR podia

Rostrum rostrums OR rostra

Stratum straums OR strata

Ultimatum ultimatums OR ultimata

(B)Some Greek nouns that end with ‘is’ —> Their piural is formed by removing ‘is’ & adding ‘es’.

Singular Plural

Analysis analyses

Hypothesis hypotheses

Axis axes

Oasis oases

Basis bases

Metamorphosis metamorphoses

Crisis crises

Narcosis narcosis

Parenthesis parentheses

Diagnosis diagnoses

Synopsis synopses

Ellipsis ellipses

Synthesis syntheses

Hypnosis hypnoses

Thesis theses

singular plural

Criterion criteria

Phenomenon phenomena

(9) The plurals of compound noun are formed by adding ‘s’ to the root word .

Singular Plural

Brother-in-low brothers-in-low

step-brother step- brothers

Sister-in-low sisters-in-low

Step-sister step-sisters

Maiservant maid-servants

Foot-mat foot-men

Court-martial courts-martial

Passer -by passers-by

Looker-on lookers-on

Major-General Major-Generals

Governor-General Governors-Generals

Chief Minister Chief Ministers

Head Master Head Masters

Commander-in-Chief Commanders-in-Chief

Engineer-in-Chief Engineers-in-Chief

(Note-I) Some compund nouns that end with ‘ful’ take ‘s’ and form their plurals .

Singular plural

Cupful cupfuls

Glassful glassfuls

Handful handfuls

Mouthful mouthfuls

Spoonful spoonfuls

NOUN-6(NUMBER)-ENGLISH-ORSP

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NOUN-6(NUMBER)-ENGLISH-ORSP

Welcome To
Odisha Regional Study Point

We Allows the best competitive exam preparation for SSC,BANKING, RAILWAY &Other State Exam(CT, BE.d) DECE(IGNOU) In ଓଡ଼ିଆ Language…

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